Veterinaria México OA

Efficiency of ozone (O3) therapy on experimental acidic skin burns in rats

2023-06-13T19:42:23-05:00

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the efficacy of O₃ therapy in experimentally induced HF skin burns in rats. A total of 20 healthy male Wistar Albino rats (weighing 250-300 g, aged 16 weeks) were used as the material of the study. They were divided into two groups (as experimental and control groups) of 10 rats which were housed individually and fed ad libitum. Hydrofluoric acid (HF) skin burns were induced in all animals. The ozonized (20 µg O₃/mL) liquid vaseline was applied topically for seven days to the experiment group as well as parallelly, a saline solution was applied to the control group. In the histopathologic evaluation, inflammation, vascularization, epithelial regeneration and fibrosis were evaluated. The epithelial proliferation and collagenization were higher and statistically significant in the experimental group, while the infiltration was higher and statistically significant in the control group. As a result of this study, it was observed that ozone plays an important role in the tissue repair process in chemical burns. The increase of fibroblast activation and re-epithelization in the experimental group demonstrated that ozone therapy could be suggested as first aid in HF skin burns. It was concluded that more studies on ozone are needed to shed light on the subject.

Immunochemical response and gene expression in juvenile shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) exposed to microorganisms isolated from marine sediment

2023-08-16T12:14:26-05:00

The use of microorganisms isolated from the natural environment can improve the culture conditions in aquaculture systems and the immune and antioxidant response capacity of cultured organisms. In this study, the immunochemical response and gene expression of Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles were analyzed following exposure to microorganisms isolated from marine sediments after in vitro characterization of their probiotic properties. Two yeasts and one bacterium strain were used by immersion method (48 to 216 h) at a concentration of 1 × 106 CFU(mL)^-1 with the following treatments: (1) Control, without probiotics; (2) Positive Control, commercial immunostimulant (Laminarin; β-1,3, glucan); (3) Candida maris, strain A1; (4) Geotrichum candidum, strain A3; and (5) Curtobacterium sp., strain S13. Shrimp treated with microorganisms and commercial immunostimulants showed a significant increase (P < 0.0500) in the soluble protein content in hemocytes compared with the control group. At 72 h post-exposures, G. candidum, Curtobacterium sp., and laminarin treatments showed a significant increase (P < 0.0500) in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity compared with the control group. Superoxide dismutase enzyme gene expression showed a significant increase (P < 0.0500) in all shrimp treated with microorganisms from 48 post-exposures. The results obtained showed that the use of three microorganisms isolated from a marine environment can stimulate the protein content in circulating hemocytes, antioxidant activity, and gene expression in juvenile L. vannamei.

Effect of supplementing zilpaterol hydrochloride during different periods on energetics, growth performance, carcass traits and fatty acid profile in meat of finishing lambs

2023-08-22T14:02:10-05:00

To determine the effect of adding β2 agonist zilpaterol hydrochloride during different periods on growth performance, dietary energetic, carcass traits and fatty acid profile, forty male lambs Pelibuey × Katahdin (37.70 ± 0.83 kg) were blocked by body weight and randomly assigned to pens. Treatments consisted in: 1) control, no zilpaterol supplementation, 2) zilpaterol supplementation for 20 d (ZIL20), 3) zilpaterol supplementation for 30 d (ZIL30), and 4) zilpaterol supplementation for 40 d (ZIL40). Compared with control treatment, zilpaterol supplementation increased final live weight (FLW) (3.5 %; P = 0.0563), average daily gain (ADG, 14.8 %; P = 0.0598) and gain:feed ratio (10.3 %; P = 0.0324). As well as hot carcass weight (6.1 %; P = 0.0064), dress out percentage (2.6 %; P = 0.0139) and Longissimus dorsi muscle area (13.7 %; P = 0.0015). Compared to control group, zilpaterol increased (P = 0.0413) observed vs. expected dietary of NEm (net energy requirements for maintenance) and NEg (net energy requirements for growth) (5.7 and 8.1 %, respectively). Twenty days of zilpaterol treatment improved FLW (4.4 %, P = 0.0566) and tended to improve ADG (17.4 %, P = 0.0718) when compared to control group. Only intramuscular fat showed a positive linear effect (P = 0.0006) in stearic fatty acids proportion and negative linear effect (P = 0.0585) in araquidonic fatty acid proportion. We conclude that zilpaterol hydrochloride improved variables of growth performance, energy retention and carcass traits with noticeable effects from 20 d of zilpaterol supplementation.

Reproductive and productive performance of hair sheep in a semi-intensive system in southeastern Mexico

2023-10-12T10:26:58-05:00

Productivity measured as kilograms of lamb weaned per ewe is a composite trait of economic importance and can be used as selection criterion of maternal breeds. The objective of this study was to estimate the reproductive, preweaning growth and productivity performance of hair breed ewes, and the effect some nongenetic factors influencing them under semi-intensive conditions in southeastern, Mexico. Information of purebreds and crossbred ewes and their lambs was used to develop a composite productivity index. The final mixed model used (except for age at first lambing, AFL), included the fixed effect of breed group, year (Y, 2016-2019) and season of lambing (dry, rainy and wind and rainy), lambing number (1, 2, … ≥ 5), litter size (LS, single and double for weaning traits), and the random effects of ewe within breed group and residual error. Except for the AFL, the effect of the breed group and all other non-genetic factors were significant (P < 0.0100). No breed or crossbred was superior for all traits studied, yet Katahdin breed (K) excelled the most, despite of its reproductive performance. Traits in the productivity index (litter size at lambing, adjusted litter weaning weight and lambing interval) could not be used as an optimal indicator for the identification of the best breed for crossbreeding. The K showed the best maternal ability, except for lambing interval and AFL, influenced by all non-genetic factors which could be improved by sound flock management.

Growth retardation and immunosuppression in SPF chickens infected by fowl adenovirus serotype-8b isolated in China

2024-01-26T11:34:56-06:00

One hundred forty 10-day-old SPF chickens were assigned to 4 groups. Fifty birds in group 1 and 20 birds in group 3 were inoculated with 600 µL (10⁵TCID₅₀) of strain WF2014, 50 birds in group 2 and 20 birds in group 4 were inoculated with 600 µL DMEM/F-12 medium by intramuscular injection into the leg muscles. Birds in groups 3 and 4 were immunized at 17 days old with the Newcastle diseases (NDV) vaccine. At 3, 7, 11, 15 and 19 days dpi, seven birds from each groups 1 and 2 were randomly weighed and necropsied. Organs or tissues with macroscopic pathological changes, small intestines, and immune organs were collected for histopathological observation, measurement of the ratio of the length of the villus to the depth of the crypt (V/C), apoptosis, and determination of viral load. Chicken sera from groups 3 and 4 were collected at 7, 14, and 21 days after immunization, and antibodies against NDV were evaluated. The results showed that hepatitis, pancreatitis, proventriculitis, a decrease in the V/C ratio in the duodenum, and body weight were observed in WF2014 infected chickens. Apoptosis, severe lesions, and high viral load were found in the bursa of Fabricius, spleen and thymus, and the humoral immune response was suppressed in infected chickens. These suggested that FAdV-8b infection implicated growth retardation and immunosuppression in chickens, and this will lay the foundation for a further study of the mechanism of FAdV-8b infection in chickens.